Like previous meetings (Yaounde-Cameroon in 2005 & Nairobi-Kenya in 2007 and Abuja-Nigeria in 2009), there is a high quality scientific program related to hypertension research in African and this meeting is following the third Hypertension Teaching Seminar in Africa. The 4th Hypertension Teaching Seminar in Africa, is organized by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) Low and Middle Income Countries Committee in Kinshasa, DRC, 07-08 May 2010, in collaboration with the European Society of Hypertension (ESH), the World Hypertension League (WHL) and the International Forum for Hypertension Control and Prevention in Africa (IFHA). The seminar is designed for medical doctors up to the age of 50 and residing in Africa, who are involved in the management and/or research in hypertension or hypertension related fields. The seminar will cover all aspects of hypertension and related fields in Africa, presented by a mixed African-European faculty, and will also include abstracts on research in Africa, based on a call for abstracts. The language of the conference will be English but the teaching seminar is in French. Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and Hypertension are currently a substantial cause of preventable death and disability in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, and this burden is projected to be high in the nearest future. Hypertension remains de the most common CVD risk factor in Africa and major cause of premature death by stroke and heart diseases. Evidence indicates that many established approaches such like human resources capacity building, to cutting CVD risk factors are effective and very inexpensive, so, that even countries like SSA with limited health budgets, can implement them and cut their CVD rate drastically. To meet the challenge, and in response to the growing burden of hypertension and CVD witnessed by African region, this 4th edition of the African scientific meeting on Hypertension is designed to reinforce human resource capacity, especially for physicians and nurses involved in management and prevention of hypertension and related risk factors and complications in daily practice in low resources settings.